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		<title>Exercices corrigés sur l&#8217;énergie interne et le 1er principe</title>
		<link>https://science-physique.com/exercices-corriges-sur-lenergie-interne-et-le-1er-principe/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[WikiPhysaca78]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 16 Jun 2024 10:33:08 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Terminale S]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#Energie_Interne]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#Premier_Principe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[#Thermodynamique]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://science-physique.com/?p=1142</guid>

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<p>L’article <a rel="nofollow" href="https://science-physique.com/exercices-corriges-sur-lenergie-interne-et-le-1er-principe/">Exercices corrigés sur l&#8217;énergie interne et le 1er principe</a> est apparu en premier sur <a rel="nofollow" href="https://science-physique.com">Science Physique et Chimie</a>.</p>
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<p><span style="font-size: 20px;"><strong><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">L&#8217;énergie interne et l&#8217;enthalpie sont des grandeurs d&#8217;état qui vont nous permettre de retrouver les variations d&#8217;énergie mises en jeu au cours d&#8217;une transformation . Ces grandeurs sont définies à partir de l&#8217;énoncé du premier principe de la thermodynamique.</span></strong></span></p><div id="scien-1799762625" class="scien-contenu_2 scien-entity-placement"><script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-2020519711053211"
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<p>Energie interne : A partir de cette relation, on peut montrer que la somme (Q+W) ne dépend que de l&#8217;état initial et de l&#8217;état final du système ; <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">on définit alors la grandeur d&#8217;état que l&#8217;on appelle Énergie interne telle que : ΔU = Q+W.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Le symbole Δ placé devant la lettre U signifie que ΔU  est la variation de la grandeur <span style="text-decoration: underline;">U </span>dans le système au cours de la transformation.</span></p>
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<h2 class="hBk_ti"><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Premier principe de la thermodynamique : loi de conservation de l&#8217;énergie</span></h2>
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<p><strong><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Au cours d&#8217;une transformation l&#8217; énergie n&#8217;est ni créée ni détruite : elle peut être convertie d&#8217;une forme en une autre ( travail, chaleur ) mais la quantité totale d&#8217;énergie reste invariable.</span></strong></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Cette loi constitue le premier principe de la thermodynamique :</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">l&#8217;énergie du système + celle du milieu extérieur est constante lors d&#8217;une transformation, quelle que soit la nature de cette transformation.</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">On aura donc la relation suivante : </span><span style="word-spacing: normal; text-wrap: nowrap;">∑(𝑄+𝑊)cycle=0</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">où <span class="txt_mathtex_tl "><span id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" class="MathJax_SVG" style="display: inline-block; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Q&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation">𝑄</span></span></span> et <span class="txt_mathtex_tl "><span id="MathJax-Element-3-Frame" class="MathJax_SVG" style="display: inline-block; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;W&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation">𝑊</span></span></span> représentent chaleur et travail échangés avec l&#8217;extérieur.</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Système + celle du milieu extérieur est constante lors d&#8217;une transformation, quelle que soit la nature de cette transformation.</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">On aura donc la relation suivante : </span><span class="txt_mathtex_tl "><span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax_SVG" style="display: inline-block; line-height: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; text-wrap: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&amp;#x2211;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot; stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;Q&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;W&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mo mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot; stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;cycle&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation">∑(𝑄+𝑊)cycle = 0 </span></span></span>où <span class="txt_mathtex_tl "><span id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" class="MathJax_SVG" style="display: inline-block; line-height: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; text-wrap: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Q&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation">𝑄</span></span></span> et <span class="txt_mathtex_tl "><span id="MathJax-Element-3-Frame" class="MathJax_SVG" style="display: inline-block; line-height: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; text-wrap: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;W&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation">𝑊</span></span></span> représentent chaleur et travail échangés avec l&#8217;extérieur.</span></p>
<h2><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;">Exercices corrigés sur l&#8217;énergie interne et le 1er principe </span></h2>
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<p>L’article <a rel="nofollow" href="https://science-physique.com/exercices-corriges-sur-lenergie-interne-et-le-1er-principe/">Exercices corrigés sur l&#8217;énergie interne et le 1er principe</a> est apparu en premier sur <a rel="nofollow" href="https://science-physique.com">Science Physique et Chimie</a>.</p>
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